Search results for "density [dark matter]"

showing 10 items of 339 documents

Accessing finite momentum excitations of the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model using superlattice modulation spectroscopy

2018

We investigate the response to superlattice modulation of a bosonic quantum gas confined to arrays of tubes emulating the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model. We demonstrate, using both time-dependent density matrix renormalization group and linear response theory, that such a superlattice modulation gives access to the excitation spectrum of the Bose-Hubbard model at finite momenta. Deep in the Mott-insulator, the response is characterized by a narrow energy absorption peak at a frequency approximately corresponding to the onsite interaction strength between bosons. This spectroscopic technique thus allows for an accurate measurement of the effective value of the interaction strength. On th…

BosonizationPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesCondensed matter physics[PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas]Density matrix renormalization groupMott insulatorSuperlatticeFOS: Physical sciencesBose–Hubbard model01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasSuperfluidityBose-Hubbard modelQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Atomic and Molecular PhysicsDMRG0103 physical sciencesBosonizationand Optics010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Quantum GasesFrequency modulationBoson
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Quantum criticality on a chiral ladder: An SU(2) infinite density matrix renormalization group study

2019

In this paper we study the ground-state properties of a ladder Hamiltonian with chiral $\text{SU}(2)$-invariant spin interactions, a possible first step toward the construction of truly two-dimensional nontrivial systems with chiral properties starting from quasi-one-dimensional ones. Our analysis uses a recent implementation by us of $\text{SU}(2)$ symmetry in tensor network algorithms, specifically for infinite density matrix renormalization group. After a preliminary analysis with Kadanoff coarse graining and exact diagonalization for a small-size system, we discuss its bosonization and recap the continuum limit of the model to show that it corresponds to a conformal field theory, in agr…

BosonizationPhysicsConformal field theoryDensity matrix renormalization group02 engineering and technologyQuantum entanglementRenormalization group021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesddc:530Algebraic number010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyScalingSpecial unitary groupMathematical physics
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Density-dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding

2021

Highly mobile predators can show strong numerical responses to pulsed resources, sometimes resulting in irruptions where large numbers of young invade landscapes at a continental scale. High production of young in irruption years may have a strong influence on the population dynamics unless immature survival is reduced compared to non-irruption years. This could occur if subordinate individuals (mainly immatures) are forced into suboptimal habitats due to density-dependent effects in irruption years. To test whether irruptive individuals had lower survival than non-irruptive ones, we combined necropsy results (N = 365) with telemetry (N = 185) from more than 20 years to record timing and ca…

Buboeducation.field_of_studymedia_common.quotation_subjectVDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480PopulationZoologyStarvation (glaciology)BiologyCompetition (biology)PredationHabitatDensity dependentAbundance (ecology)medicineVDP::Zoology and botany: 480medicine.symptomeducationEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsmedia_commonOecologia
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Zinc-blende AlN and GaN under pressure: structural, electronic, elastic and piezoelectric properties

2004

In this paper we report a theoretical study of the structural, elastic, electronic and piezoelectric properties of zinc-blende AlN and GaN under the pressure effect. The study is focused on the first-principles all electron full-potential augmented plane wave plus local orbitals calculations within the density-functional theory. The results of bulk properties, including lattice constants, bulk modulus and derivatives and band structures are obtained and compared using both the local density approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for the exchange-correlation functional. We find that the GGA does not give a significant improvement over LDA. We also report calcula…

Bulk modulusCondensed matter physicsChemistryHydrostatic pressurePlane waveElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsPiezoelectricityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceLattice constantMaterials ChemistryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringLocal-density approximationElectronic band structureSemiconductor Science and Technology
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Influence of alternative mating tactics on predation risk in the damselfly Calopteryx virgo

2009

Alternative mating tactics are a widespread feature in insects. A typical form of alternative mating behaviour is being a sneaker in the vicinity of a territorial male. Such nonterritorial males have lower mating success, but they may benefit from lower energetic costs and decreased predation risk. In this study, we examined whether nonterritorial male damselflies Calopteryx virgo (L., 1758) are subject to lower predation risk than territorial males. To distinguish predation from other sources of mortality, we used models. The experiment consisted of dried male damselflies settled into the typical perching positions of territorial and nonterritorial males. Also the spatiotemporal patterns …

CalopterygidaeDamselflyCalopteryx virgoDensity dependencebiologySexual behaviorEcologyAnimal Science and ZoologyMatingOdonatabiology.organism_classificationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPredationCanadian Journal of Zoology
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New fitting scheme to obtain effective potential from Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations: Application to silica

2008

A fitting scheme is proposed to obtain effective potentials from Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD) simulations. It is used to parameterize a new pair potential for silica. MD simulations with this new potential are done to determine structural and dynamic properties and to compare these properties to those obtained from CPMD and a MD simulation using the so-called BKS potential. The new potential reproduces accurately the liquid structure generated by the CPMD trajectories, the experimental activation energies for the self-diffusion constants and the experimental density of amorphous silica. Also lattice parameters and elastic constants of alpha-quartz are well-reproduced, showing th…

Car–Parrinello molecular dynamicsMaterials sciencemolecular dynamics calculations (Car-Parrinello) and other numerical simulationsTransferabilityGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyglasses01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsMolecular dynamicsLattice (order)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn]010306 general physicsdensity functional theoryCondensed Matter - Materials Sciencegradient and other correctionsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)computer simulation of liquid structureCondensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylocal density approximation[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Amorphous silica0210 nano-technologyPair potential
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Applications of the Conceptual Density Functional Theory Indices to Organic Chemistry Reactivity.

2016

Indexación: Web of Science Theoretical reactivity indices based on the conceptual Density Functional Theory (DFT) have become a powerful tool for the semiquantitative study of organic reactivity. A large number of reactivity indices have been proposed in the literature. Herein, global quantities like the electronic chemical potential μ, the electrophilicity ω and the nucleophilicity N indices, and local condensed indices like the electrophilic and nucleophilic Parr functions, as the most relevant indices for the study of organic reactivity, are discussed. http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/6/748

Chemical PhenomenaNucleophilicityChemistry OrganicPharmaceutical ScienceElectronsnucleophilicityReview010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesreactivity indicesAnalytical ChemistryMolecular electron density theorylcsh:QD241-441Reactivity indicesNucleophilelcsh:Organic chemistryconceptual DFTParr functionsComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryOrganic chemistryReactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryElectrophilicity010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic Chemistrymolecular electron density theory0104 chemical sciencesChemistry (miscellaneous)Conceptual DFTElectrophileMolecular MedicineQuantum TheoryDensity functional theoryelectrophilicityMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)
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A current source density analysis of field potentials evoked in slices of visual cortex

1987

The method of one-dimensional current source density (CSD) analysis was applied to field potentials recorded from 350 microns thick slices of the primary visual cortex of rats and cats. Field potentials were elicited by stimulation of the white matter and recorded along trajectories perpendicular to the cortical layers at spatial intervals of 25 to 50 microns. The resulting CSD distributions resembled closely those recorded from the cat visual cortex "in vivo". The responses with the shortest latency were distinct sinks in layers IV and VI probably reflecting monosynaptic EPSP's from specific thalamic afferents. From layer IV activity was relayed along three major routes: 1. to the supragra…

ChemistryGeneral NeuroscienceAge FactorsRats Inbred StrainsStimulationIn Vitro TechniquesStimulus (physiology)Current sourceElectric StimulationRatsWhite matterVisual cortexmedicine.anatomical_structureIn vivoDensity analysisCatsReaction TimeExcitatory postsynaptic potentialmedicineBiophysicsAnimalsEvoked Potentials VisualNeuroscienceVisual CortexExperimental Brain Research
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The shape of small sample biases in pricing kernel estimations

2016

AbstractNumerous empirical studies find pricing kernels that are not-monotonically decreasing; the findings are at odds with the pricing kernel being marginal utility of a risk-averse, so-called representative agent. We study in detail the common procedure which estimates the pricing kernel as the ratio of two separate density estimations. In the first step, we analyse theoretically the functional dependence for the ratio of a density to its estimated density; this cautions the reader regarding potential computational issues coupled with statistical techniques. In the second step, we study this quantitatively; we show that small sample biases shape the estimated pricing kernel, and that est…

Computer Science::Computer Science and Game Theory050208 finance05 social sciencesKernel density estimationMonotonic functionRepresentative agentImplied volatility01 natural sciencesOdds010104 statistics & probabilityEmpirical researchStochastic discount factor0502 economics and businessEconometrics0101 mathematicsMarginal utilityGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceFinanceMathematicsQuantitative Finance
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Identification of differential risk hotspots for collision and vehicle type in a directed linear network

2019

Traffic accidents can take place in very different ways and involve a substantially distinct number and types of vehicles. Thus, it is of interest to know which parts of a road structure present an overrepresentation of a specific type of traffic accident, specially for some typologies of collisions and vehicles that tend to trigger more severe consequences for the users being involved. In this study, a spatial approach is followed to estimate the risk that different types of collisions and vehicles present in the central area of Valencia (Spain), considering the accidents observed in this city during the period 2014-2017. A directed spatial linear network representing the non-pedestrian ro…

Computer scienceKernel density estimationPoison controlHuman Factors and Ergonomicscomputer.software_genreRisk Assessment0502 economics and businessHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesBuilt EnvironmentSafety Risk Reliability and QualitySpatial analysis050107 human factorsSpatial Analysis050210 logistics & transportation05 social sciencesAccidents TrafficPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthDifferential (mechanical device)CollisionMotor VehiclesIdentification (information)SpainSample size determinationData miningRisk assessmentMonte Carlo MethodcomputerAccident Analysis & Prevention
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